Neuropeptide Y Receptor 1 Antibodies

The neuropeptide Y₁ (NPY₁) receptor is a class A G protein-coupled receptor that mediates many physiological effects of the endogenous peptide neuropeptide Y, particularly in the regulation of appetite, energy balance, anxiety, and vascular tone. Pharmacologically, the receptor is activated by neuropeptide Y and related peptides, while selective antagonists such as BIBO3304 and other experimental compounds have been investigated for potential therapeutic use in obesity, metabolic disorders, and stress-related conditions, although no widely approved NPY₁-selective drugs are currently available. Upon ligand binding, the NPY₁ receptor primarily couples to Gi/o proteins, leading to inhibition of adenylate cyclase, decreased intracellular cyclic AMP levels, and modulation of downstream signaling pathways that influence neuronal excitability and hormone release. Additional signaling may involve regulation of ion channels, MAP kinase activation, and effects on gene transcription associated with cell survival and metabolic control. The receptor is highly expressed in the central nervous system, particularly in hypothalamic and limbic regions involved in feeding behavior, stress responses, and emotional regulation. Peripheral expression is also observed in vascular smooth muscle, adipose tissue, and immune cells, supporting roles in cardiovascular regulation, metabolism, and inflammation. Together, these pharmacological, signaling, and expression characteristics make the NPY₁ receptor an important target of ongoing research in metabolic and neuropsychiatric disease. NPY1 receptor desensitization and internalization are regulated by phosphorylation of carboxyl-terminal threonine362/serine363 (pT362/pS363-NPY1). This nomenclature refers to the human NPY1 receptor. This phosphorylation motif is highly conserved across species and is identical in mice, rats and humans but corresponds to pT361/pS362-NPY1 in mice and rats. For more information on NPY1 pharmacology please refer to the IUPHAR database. For further reading refer to:

Beck-Sickinger, A., Colmers, W. F., Cox, H. M., Doods, H. N., Herzog, H., Larhammar, D., Michel, M. C., Quirion, R., Schwartz, T. and Westfall, T. (2019) “Neuropeptide Y receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database”, IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE, 2019(4). doi: 10.2218/gtopdb/F46/2019.4.